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Nutrition and sport in women with gestational diabetes
Hodek, Lesana ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Koudelková, Kateřina (referee)
This bachelor's thesis discusses the issue of gestational diabetes and the influence of the diagnosis on nutrition and exercise/sport in diagnosed women. The theoretical part discusses the pathogenesis of GDM, risk factors and recommended procedures for screening and treatment including nutritional and exercise recommendations. The results of the questionnaire survey are described in the practical part. The questionnaire focused on the complications that women with GDM go through in connection with lifestyle changes after receiving a GDM diagnosis. Part of the survey is a standardized questionnaire to determine the level of perceived stress. The main goal of the work was to define the factors in nutrition and exercise/sport that cause complications in the management of GDM for women after the diagnosis of GDM. A secondary aim of the work was to demonstrate that women with a diagnosis of GDM experience an increased stress burden based on a standardized questionnaire. These objectives are to reveal whether the standard care for women with GDM is sufficient, or whether they lack professional help in managing lifestyle changes. The results of the work showed that the current system of care for women with GDM is not sufficient and these women are dependent on seeking support and help outside the health...
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Diet at patients after total pancreatectomy
ŠEDIVÁ, Denisa
In the bachelor degree project Diet for the patients after total pancreatectomy I deal with a diet of the patients who underwent surgery called total pancreatectomy. The introduction of the theoretical part is focused on the anatomy of the pancreas and its function. The following part of the project is directly focused on carcinoma, its epidemiology, incidence, cause of the disease and also development. I also deal with clinical symptoms, treatment and pancreatectomy itself. The last part of the project is oriented towards nutrition for the patients after surgery. Further in this section, I deal with pancreatic and diabetic diet and diet during chemotherapy, which many of the respondents have undergone. As the goal of the project, I chose to look into the alimentation of the patients with this disease and to find out how difficult it is to combine three types of diet together. I focused on the observation of the intake of basic nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The practical part I compose as a qualitative research. There were 6 respondents who took part in the research. Unfortunately, only two of them provided me with their blood glucose values to evaluate their alimentation according to the diabetic diet. The result was very surprising. In relation to the seriousness of the illness, most of them ate basically without restriction. They were eating everything they wanted except sweet dishes, for example cakes and fried dishes. They just watched their blood glucose values. Despite all the experienced weight loss, their current alimentation meets recommendation and no one of them suffers from lack of any of the macronutrients according to the results.
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Level of nutritional knowledge in patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Monika
Current status: Diabetes mellitus is currently considered as a global epidemic of civilization. The largest number of patients in the population is the senior population. It is the senior population that is in the most cases very little or insufficiently informed about the observance of dietary measures and lifestyle during this disease. Due to the lack of information, complications of the disease can often occur, which can lead to fatal consequences such as the patient's death. Diabetes mellitus is currently considered the most common disease of civilization and is listed as the ninth most common cause of the death. The aim of the work was to map the nutritional knowledge of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, an educational plan was created and by which it was found out how this created educational plan can affect patients' knowledge of diabetic measures. Methodology: The research was carried out in the form of quantitative and qualitative research. A questionnaire was created using the data collection technique for the quantitative method. The method of non-standardized interview with patients with diabetes mellitus using the educational plan created by us, was used as a qualitative method. The research sample consisted of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. There were 200 respondents. The selection of the research sample for the qualitative research survey was chosen intentionally and the size of the research set was determined by theoretical data saturation. Subsequently, five patients were selected, with whom a non-standardized interview was conducted using an educational plan. Results: The research survey shows that patients with diabetes mellitus have a high level of knowledge in the field of nutritional measures, which relate primarily to the consumption of suitable and unsuitable foods or beverages in the diet of diabetics. Although patients demonstrated their knowledge of eating habits, there were areas where patients have the lack of information. These include the use of exchangeable units in the diet or the consumption of DIA products. In the subsequent interview with the educational plan, the addressed respondents wanted to master the practical use of exchange units in the diet or the use of a sweetener. Conclusions and recommendations for practice: According to the results of the research survey, we have shown that the level of nutritional knowledge in senior age is at a high level. Further information on diabetic diets depends on the education of the respondents. Based on the analysis of all other patients who have been educated, it is possible to educate or reeducate patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Problems of diabetic diet in spa
ŠTÍCHOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis deals with the problems of diabetic diet in spa, specifically in the Peat Spa Třeboň, sanatorium Aurora. In the theoretical part I focused on the diabetes mellitus disease in general. In the first part we can find there the description of the carbohydrate metabolism, the brief anatomy of main organs that are related to the disease, epidemiology, classification, therapy and diabetes' affiliated complications. The next part of the theory defines specialistic recommendations for the diabetic diet itself. The third part describes the history and present of Czech Spas and possibilities of the food consummation in spa including diets. There were three goals determinated for this thesis. First of them was to map the possibilities of the diabetic diet in the spa, the second one was to analyse spa menu and to realize if it was suitable for the diabetics and the last goals was to compare patient's menu with the spa-one and to find their differences. In the practical part I evaluated the suitability of the spa menu for the type 2 diabetics by using the qualitative research's methods. Afterward I compared this menu with patients' menus. There were 8 patients of the Aurora sanatorium with type 2 diabetes in my research. The menus were evaluated in Nutriservis Proffesional nutrition software. I mainly noticed the total daily energy intake, carbohydrates, fats, proteins and mono- and disaccharides in the research. The results of the research show that spa menu is despite of some slight imperfections suitable for the type 2 diabetics and it corresponds with the recommendations for the diabetic diet. In the comparison of home menus and the spa-ones, the most of the patients boards better and more regular in the spa. But, as we can see by the results, there is an essential need of patients' education in the nutrition area and also a necessary cooperation with the specialists (diabetologists, nutritional therapists) in their treatment.
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Diet quality of hospitalized women with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and after childbirth
Chlubnová, Kateřina ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis focused on the quality of diet of hospitalized women with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, respectively gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). As GDM occurs in connection with pregnancy, for many women this represents a significant (usually short-term) change in their diet. However, this may differ considerably in the home setting from the hospital setting where the diet is a given. The aim of this thesis was thus to answer the main research question: How satisfied are women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus with their diet in hospital? and also to related - sub-questions. These were related to the palatability of the hospital food and its sufficiency/quantity, and adherence to the diabetic diet was also discussed. In order to fulfil the aim of the thesis, quantitative research - questionnaire survey was chosen. It was carried out directly at the inpatient ward of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague and General medical teaching hospital in Prague. For completion of the collected information, an interview with the local nutritionist was also conducted. IBM SPSS statistical software was used to evaluate the questionnaires, specifically descriptive statistics as well as calculation of diameter and reference...
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Dietary change during pregnancy with and without a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus
Dlouhá, Kristýna ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the subject of women with gestational diabetes. It focuses on changes in the diet and lifestyle of pregnant women with and without diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus. In the theoretical part, the pre-pregnancy diet and the pregnancy diet are gradually analyzed, as the correct composition of the diet proves to be the most effective treatment in most cases of GDM. It also describes the disease GDM and everything related to it - its definition, occurrence, risk factors, mechanism of origin, consequences, diagnosis and treatment. The practical part of the work describes the results of a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire focused on risk factors for the development of GDM in the interviewed women, as well as dietary changes after the diagnosis of GDM, information about healthy lifestyle provided by gynecologists and the role of a nutrition therapist in educating pregnant women about diet. The aim of the study was to determine the eating habits, level of physical activity and lifestyle of the interviewed women with GDM, comparing those to their habits before the diagnosis of GDM, and to discover whether there is a possible connection between the development of the disease and eating habits and lifestyle of women . Besides, it shows how a nutritional therapist...
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Gestational diabetes mellitus and its effect on women diet after childbirth.
Kadečková, Klára ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Women treated during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus have 40-60% higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease later in life. Development prevention of these diseases is rational diet with reduced carbohydrates intake, weight reduc- tion and regular exercise. Women with history of gestational diabetes should be still moni- tored regularly after childbirth. My bachelor thesis looks into diet of women after childbirth, who were monitored with ges- tational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its effect on development of type 2 diabetes. The goal of thesis is to evaluate influence of the diet during gestational diabetes on diet after childbirth. Evaluation will be based on questionnaire survey with respondents from two groups. First group is made up of women attending appointments in collection center of Gen- eral University Hospital in Prague for oral glucose tolerance test. Second group are women who came for checkup to diabetologist in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital just few days after childbirth. Survey results will be processed and evaluated. Conclusion forms recommendations on how to im- prove motivation of women with history of gestational diabetes to maintain healthy diet...
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Diabetic Diet and Regime Measures for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
VINKLÁRKOVÁ, Monika
This thesis deals with the problem of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It mainly focuses on a diabetic diet along with regimen measures. Four goals have been set for this thesis. The first goal is to map whether patients with type 2 DM keep the diet. The second goal is to find out whether they have regular physical activity. The third goal is to describe how the lifestyle of patients has changed after type 2 DM had been diagnosed and the last goal is to describe the current eating habits of patients with type 2 DM. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus and also describes terms such as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. It also deals with diagnostics, complications and treatment of diabetes. It deals in detail with diabetic diet and regimen measures in type 2 diabetes. The practical part examines the observance of diabetic diet and regimen measures through qualitative research. The research part consists of a weekly menu of each patient and its calculation in the Nutriservis Professional program and subsequent evaluation. Each diet follows the total intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, and mono- and disaccharides. The practical part of the thesis also contains structured interviews. The interview consisted of 19 questions that were the same for all respondents. The research sample consisted of 12 respondents, of which 6 were women and 6 were men. The results of the research show that the majority of patients do not follow the diabetic diet and regimen measures and some of them only partially. Almost all patients have made some changes in their lifestyle after diagnosis. These patients generally increased physical activity, reduced weight, reduced sweets, and eat more regularly.
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Low-Carbohydrate Diet in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
RUTOVÁ, Hana
This thesis deals with low-carb diet in diabetes mellitus type 2. The thesis aims to find out about the impact of low-carb diet, compared to diabetes diet which most doctors recommend to patients suffering from type 2 DM. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a brief description of diabetes mellitus type 2, including the causes, development and possible complications. This part also discusses dietary treatment and diets used in diabetes therapy, i. e. diabetes diet and low-carb diet. The research part looks into the impact of these diets on patients suffering from type 2 DM. The first part of the research was based on survey. The research sample consisted of 56 respondents (28 on low-carb diet and 28 on diabetes diet). The survey consisted of 24 questions, out of which 16 were closed-ended questions and the remaining 8 open-ended questions. The questions focused on changes resulting from following a specific diet, asking about a change in body weight, blood pressure or about diabetes complications. The other part of the research compares weekly meal plans of 4 respondents from each research group, which amounts to 8 type 2 DM respondents. The meal plans were calculated in Nutriservis Professional programme and then evaluated. The findings have shown that, compared to diabetes diet, low-carb diet results in more prominent body weight loss and a decrease in blood pressure. Being on low-carb diet more often leads to dose reduction or even stopping oral anti-diabetic medication. Subjectively, it may also result in feeling more energetic.
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The influence of diabetic diet during gestational and pregestative diabetes mellitus on eating habits
Lochmanová, Aneta ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Introduction: Diploma thesis deals with issues of gestational a pregestational diabetes and the influence od diabetic diet during pregnancy on eating habits. Goals: The theoretical part is focused on general summary of diabetes during pregnancy - its characteristic, epidemiology, risk factors, complications, treatment including glycemic self- monitoring, observation during and after the childbirth. The last part is focused on education, as the important part of the therapy. The emphasis is put on the practical part, which analyse eating habits including measures regime of women dealing with gestational a pregestational diabetes, before and after the pregnancy. Crucial task was the comparison of choice of the food, frequency of monitored food and the regularity of eating. Methods: Research took place through the anomyous questionnaires, obtained on Gynecological-obstetrical clinic of General hospital in Prague. Questionnaires were filled out by woman diagnosed gestational and pregestational diabetes type 1. The discovered data are given into graphs and charts and part of the thesis is dedicated to the analysis of the data. Outcome: According to researched data we can say, that the eating habits before the pregnancy are not sufficient in any of the groups. Due to pregnancy and resulting diatetic...
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